When it comes to what you bite, chew and swallow, your choices have a direct and long-lasting effect on the most powerful organ in your body: your brain. So which foods cause you to feel so tired after lunch? Or so restless at night? Mia Nacamulli takes you into the brain to find out. Lesson by Mia Nacamulli, animation by Private Island.

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Since the time of the ancient Greeks, scientists have been constructing a cosmic measuring tape to measure the universe from our own backyard all the way to its ever-expanding edge: the cosmic distance ladder. In this video, we climb that ladder and explore how each rung has revealed something new and previously unthinkable about the universe we live in.

References: https://sites.google.com/view/....cosmic-distance-refe

0:00 How far away are things?
1:05 Near, far, parallax that star
3:25 Island universes and Hubble's blinking star
5:51 Redshifted rainbows and the expanding universe
7:41 Supernovae and the end of everything
9:08 Conclusion: The ladder of discovery
10:00 I'm hosting a game show!



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One man cracked his knuckles in one hand for 60 years and not the other. Watch the video to see what he found out.

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There's a long-held myth that cracking your knuckles can damage your hands. The sound definitely might make people around you cringe, but what's making those noises, and is it actually bad for you?

There's a space in your joints filled with synovial fluid, a liquid that reduces the friction in your joints when you move. It contains gases (oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide).

When you pop a joint, you stretch out that space between the bones. That expanding space creates negative pressure, like a vacuum, that sucks in the synovial fluid. It forms bubbles, which then collapse, and that's what you hear.

Most medical sources agree that unless you experience pain when you pop your joints, you're probably fine to keep doing it. Researchers (including one man who cracked his knuckles on just one hand for 60 years) haven't established a connection between cracking your knuckles and arthritis.

One 1990 study of 300 people did find that cracking knuckles over a long period of time led to hand swelling and decreased grip strength, but there hasn't been any follow-up research on that.

Read it here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC10040

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The field of computer science summarised. Learn more at this video's sponsor https://brilliant.org/dos

Computer science is the subject that studies what computers can do and investigates the best ways you can solve the problems of the world with them. It is a huge field overlapping pure mathematics, engineering and many other scientific disciplines. In this video I summarise as much of the subject as I can and show how the areas are related to each other.

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A couple of notes on this video:
1. Some people have commented that I should have included computer security alongside hacking, and I completely agree, that was an oversight on my part. Apologies to all the computer security professionals, and thanks for all the hard work!
2. I also failed to mention interpreters alongside compilers in the complier section. Again, I’m kicking myself because of course this is an important concept for people to hear about. Also the layers of languages being compiled to other languages is overly convoluted, in practice it is more simple than this. I guess I should have picked one simple example.
3. NP-complete problems are possible to solve, they just become very difficult to solve very quickly as they get bigger. When I said NP-complete and then "impossible to solve", I meant that the large NP-complete problems that industry is interested in solving were thought to be practically impossible to solve.

And free downloadable versions of this and the other posters here. If you want to print them out for educational purposes please do! https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

Thanks so much to my supporters on Patreon. If you enjoy my videos and would like to help me make more this is the best way and I appreciate it very much. https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

I also write a series of children’s science books call Professor Astro Cat, these links are to the publisher, but they are available in all good bookshops around the world in 18 languages and counting:
Frontiers of Space (age 7+): http://nobrow.net/shop/profess....or-astro-cats-fronti
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View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-....origins-of-ballet-je

Can you imagine a party where every movement and every visual detail were governed by a complex system of rules and procedures? For centuries, such rituals were commonplace for European nobility. And while they’ve gone out of fashion, we recognize the components under a familiar label: ballet. Jennifer Tortorello and Adrienne Westwood outline the history of this graceful and precise dance.

Lesson by Jennifer Tortorello and Adrienne Westwood, animation by Moran Barak Studio.

View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-....benefits-of-a-good-n

It’s 4am, and the big test is in 8 hours. You’ve been studying for days, but you still don’t feel ready. Should you drink another cup of coffee and spend the next few hours cramming? Or should you go to sleep? Shai Marcu defends the latter option, showing how sleep restructures your brain in a way that’s crucial for how our memory works.

Lesson by Shai Marcu, animation by Javier Saldeña.

Businesses have always been looking for ways to sell us more things – which we may or may not need. As we learn more about the inner workings of the human brain, they are now venturing into a new realm on this quest – our subconscious minds.

We're destroying our environment at an alarming rate. But it doesn't need to be this way. Our new channel Planet A explores the shift towards an eco-friendly world — and challenges our ideas about what dealing with climate change means. We look at the big and the small: What we can do and how the system needs to change. Every Friday we'll take a truly global look at how to get us out of this mess.

► Check out our channel trailer: https://youtu.be/T8EiTHe6eXg

► Want to see more? Make sure to subscribe to Planet A!

#planeta #neuromarketing #consumerism

READ MORE

Blindsight: The (Mostly) Hidden Ways Marketing Reshapes Our Brains:
https://www.popneuro.com/book

Neuromarketing. What You Need to Know:
https://hbr.org/2019/01/neurom....arketing-what-you-ne

Neuromarketing and Ethics:
https://hbr.org/2019/01/when-n....euromarketing-crosse

Study: In-store music affects product choice:
https://www.nature.com/articles/36484


Reporter: Malte Rohwer-Kahlmann  
Camera: Henning Goll
Video Editor: Frederik Willmann
Supervising Editor: Kiyo Dörrer

Leslie Lamport revolutionized how computers talk to each other. The Turing Award-winning computer scientist pioneered the field of distributed systems, where multiple components on different networks coordinate to achieve a common objective. (Internet searches, cloud computing and artificial intelligence all involve orchestrating legions of powerful computing machines to work together.) In the early 1980s, Lamport also created LaTeX, a document preparation system that provides sophisticated ways to typeset complex formulas and format scientific documents. In 1989, Lamport invented Paxos, a “consensus algorithm” that allows multiple computers to execute complex tasks; without it, modern computing could not exist. He’s also brought more attention to a handful of problems, giving them distinctive names like the bakery algorithm and the Byzantine Generals Problem. Lamport’s work since the 1990s has focused on “formal verification,” the use of mathematical proofs to verify the correctness of software and hardware systems. Notably, he created a “specification language” called TLA+ (for Temporal Logic of Actions), which employs the precise language of mathematics to prevent bugs and avoid design flaws.

Read more at Quanta Magazine: https://www.quantamagazine.org..../bringing-mathematic

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Quanta Magazine is an editorially independent publication supported by the Simons Foundation https://www.simonsfoundation.org/

#computerscience #math

Learn Python basics in 1 hour! ⚡ This beginner-friendly tutorial will get you coding fast.

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📖 TABLE OF CONTENT
0:00:00 Introduction
0:00:30 What You Can Do With Python
0:01:15 Your First Python Program
0:05:30 Variables
0:09:08 Receiving Input
0:10:48 Type Conversion
0:18:49 Strings
0:23:41 Arithmetic Operators
0:25:59 Operator Precedence
0:27:11 Comparison Operators
0:28:52 Logical Operators
0:31:06 If Statements
0:36:16 Exercise
0:41:42 While Loops
0:45:11 Lists
0:48:47 List Methods
0:52:16 For Loops
0:54:54 The range() Function
0:57:43 Tuples

#python #ai #machinelearning #webdevelopment

In this 3D animation, we explore the fascinating world of the digestive system. From the moment food enters our mouths to its transformation into vital nutrients, the video breaks down each stage with stunning visuals and clear explanations.

Timecodes:
0:00 Mouth
0:06 Esophagus
0:26 Stomach
1:26 Carbs vs. Proteins vs. Fats
1:42 Small Intestine
2:13 Large Intestine
3:03 Odor of Stool
3:25 Rectum
3:36 Next video

How the Digestive System Works | 3D Animation
Images/videos used under license from Shutterstock.com

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More Videos!
➡️ What Gonorrhea Does to Your Body: https://youtu.be/L2uHqD11UCM
➡️ What Chlamydia Does To Your Body: https://youtu.be/MUT7DjIjOjc
➡️ STD Myths You Shouldn't Believe: https://youtu.be/EJBz-SypW-Q

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What HIV Does to the Body
____

In this video, Jonathan from the Institute of Human Anatomy will guide us through the essential aspects of HIV awareness and prevention. You will learn about HIV transmission, treatment, testing guidelines, and practical risk-reduction strategies. Join us for a comprehensive discussion on HIV education.

____

0:00 - 0:46 Intro
0:47 - 1:11 What is HIV?
1:12 - 1:32 How is HIV Transmitted?
1:33 - 1:43 HIV Cannot be Spread Through Casual Contact
1:44 - 3:59 What Are the Odds of Catching HIV With the Different Types of Intercourse?
4:00 - 4:29 The Risk of Getting HIV from Non-Sexual Blood-borne Exposure
4:30 - 5:19 Factors That Further Increase the Odds of Contracting HIV
5:20 - 7:36 Is It Really Worth the Risk?
7:37 - 8:44 What Happens When Someone First Gets Infected With HIV?
8:45 - 9:44 What Does HIV Do to Your Immune System?
9:45 - 10:48 Chronic HIV: When Does it Become AIDs (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)?
10:49 - 11:19 Current HIV Treatment: Slowing Disease Progression & Living a Normal Life
11:20 - 11:39 Undetectable Viral Load: No Risk of Transmitting the Infection?
11:40 - 12:30 PrEP: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: How it is Used Prior to Exposure
12:31 - 12:59 PEP: Post-Exposure Prophylaxis: 72 Hours After a High-Risk Exposure
13:00 - 14:36 Who Should Consider Getting Tested For HIV?
14:37 - 15:12 How Long Do You have to Wait to be Tested After a Potential Exposure?
15:13 - 16:11 Practices That Can Help One Lower the Risks of Contracting HIV
____

Cool Stuff!
https://www.amazon.com/shop/in....stituteofhumananatom
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References:
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-and-early-hiv-infection-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis?search=HIV&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1%7E150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H956384
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics..../hiv-testing/test-ty
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#hivawareness #hiv #sexualhealth #instituteofhumananatomy

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It would be a lot easier to study the science of dreaming if we weren’t asleep every time we did it. Why do we dream? What does dreaming do for our brains? How did dreaming evolve? Here’s a look at the current theories from psychology and neuroscience.

References:
Barrett, D. (2017), Dreams and creative problem-solving. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1406: 64-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13412
Carlo Cipolli, Roberto Bolzani, Cesare Comoldi, Rossana De Beni, Iino Fagioli, Bizarreness Effect in Dream Recall, Sleep, Volume 16, Issue 2, March 1993, Pages 163–170, https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/16.2.163
Eagleman DM, Vaughn DA (2021). The Defensive Activation Theory: REM Sleep as a Mechanism to Prevent Takeover of the Visual Cortex. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 15:632853. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.632853
El-Solh, A. A. (2018). Management of nightmares in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder: Current perspectives. Nature and Science of Sleep, 10, 409–420.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30538593/
Hughes, J. Donald. (2000). Dream Interpretation in Ancient Civilizations. Dreaming. 10. 7-18. 10.1023/A:1009447606158.
Káli, S., Dayan, P. Off-line replay maintains declarative memories in a model of hippocampal-neocortical interactions. Nature Neuroscience 7, 286–294 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1202
Montangero, Jacques & Ivanyi, Corinne & Saint-Hilaire, Zara. (2003). Completeness and accuracy of morning reports after a recall cue: Comparison of dream and film reports. Consciousness and cognition. 12. 49-62. 10.1016/S1053-8100(02)00029-6.
Stickgold, R., Malia, A.; Maguire, D., Roddenberry, D., O'Connor, M. (2000). Replaying the Game: Hypnagogic Images in Normals and Amnesics. Science. 290 (5490): 350–353. doi:10.1126/science.290.5490.350.
Valli, K., Revonsuo, A., Pälkäs, O., Ismail, K. H., Ali, K. J., & Punamäki, R.-L. (2005). The threat simulation theory of the evolutionary function of dreaming: Evidence from dreams of traumatized children. Consciousness and Cognition, 14(1), 188–218. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15766897/
van der Linden, S. The Science Behind Dreaming. Scientific American. July 26, 2011
Erin J. Wamsley, PhD, Karen Perry, MD, Ina Djonlagic, MD, Laura Babkes Reaven, MD, Robert Stickgold, PhD, Cognitive Replay of Visuomotor Learning at Sleep Onset: Temporal Dynamics and Relationship to Task Performance, Sleep, Volume 33, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 59–68, https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/33.1.59
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Today on Behind The Brand, Seth Godin details everything you (probably) don't know about marketing. Marketing is often a misunderstood concept often viewed as simply creating demand and driving brand awareness. Seth Godin dispels this view by explaining the difference between brand marketing and direct marketing, evaluating the value of a brand in marketing, and reviewing key differences between psychographic and demographic marketing.

His great insight into what we don't know about marketing is adopted from his bestseller - Seth Godin, This Is Marketing.

THIS IS Marketing book link: https://amzn.to/2AXqbBk
Click here to get a free audiobook copy of Seth Godin's NEW book: https://amzn.to/3z5gzQx

Here's everything you probably don't know about marketing from bestselling author, Seth Godin. His new book, This IS Marketing is probably the first and last book you'll ever need to buy on marketing. Hope you enjoy this Behind the Brand look with Seth.

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Take a mind-blowing voyage to the most powerful and mysterious objects in the universe. (Aired January 10, 2018)

Official Website: https://to.pbs.org/3P9TdDL | #novapbs

Black holes are the most enigmatic and exotic objects in the universe. They’re also the most powerful, with gravity so strong it can trap light. And they’re destructive, swallowing entire planets, even giant stars. Anything that falls into them vanishes…gone forever. Now, astrophysicists are realizing that black holes may be essential to how our universe evolved—their influence possibly leading to life on Earth and, ultimately, us. In this two-hour special, astrophysicist and author Janna Levin takes viewers on a journey to the frontiers of black hole science. Along the way, we meet leading astronomers and physicists on the verge of finding new answers to provocative questions about these shadowy monsters: Where do they come from? What’s inside? What happens if you fall into one? And what can they tell us about the nature of space, time, and gravity?

Chapters
00:00:00 Introduction
00:10:23 What Is A Black Hole?
00:18:45 How Does A Black Hole Form?
00:24:40 What Would Happen If You Traveled Into A Black Hole?
00:29:58 The First Detection of A Black Hole: Cygnus X-1
00:50:47 The Relationship of Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies
01:12:21 How Do Black Holes Grow?
01:30:56 New Technologies Giving New View of Black Holes
01:50:02 Conclusion

© 2018 WGBH Educational Foundation

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#blackhole #spacedocumentary #supernova #blackholemysteries #blackholetv #blackholemysteries #astrophysics #astrophysicist #astronomy #physics #einstein #gravity #eventhorizontelescope #galaxy #jameswebbspacetelescope #ligonierministries

What is a black hole, what is inside a black hole, gravitational field, star life cycle, death of a star, cygnus x-1, quasar, what is a quasar, supermassive black hole facing earth, milky way galaxy supermassive black hole, supermassive black hole earth, event horizon black hole, LIGO

An inside look at the basic systems that make up a standard car engine.

Alternate languages:
Español: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpLfFcfgtzE

Get on Patreon and help fund my 3D animation obsession! It wouldn't feel right to put sponsorship segments in the middle of high quality educational content, so let's try another way together:
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Need 3D illustration and animation? Have suggestions for what to explain next? Animagraffs can help! Let's chat: https://animagraffs.com/contact/

License Animagraffs work for your own purposes
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I use Blender 3D to create these models. It's free and open source, and the community is amazing:
https://www.blender.org/

Chapters
0:00 Intro
0:14 4 Stroke Cycle
1:22 Firing Order
1:36 Camshaft / Timing Belt
1:56 Crankshaft
2:15 Block / Heads
2:35 V6 / V8
3:02 Air Intake
3:25 Fuel
3:54 Cooling
5:02 Electrical
6:06 Oil
7:03 Exhaust
7:28 Full Model

View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what....-s-the-value-of-vita

Vitamins are the building blocks that keep our bodies running; they help build muscle and bone, capture energy, heal wounds and more. But if our body doesn’t create vitamins, how do they get into our system? Ginnie Trinh Nguyen describes what vitamins are, how they get into our bodies -- and why they are so crucial.

Lesson by Ginnie Trinh Nguyen, animation by The Moving Company Animation Studio.

Creamy Tuscan Chicken in a light and satisfying parmesan sun-dried tomato cream sauce.
⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️ RECIPE BELOW ⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️

TUSCAN CHICKEN INGREDIENTS:
►2 large chicken breasts, halved (1 1/2 lbs)
►1 tsp salt, divided, or to taste
►1/2 tsp black pepper, divided
►1/2 tsp garlic powder
►2 Tbsp olive oil, divided
►1 Tbsp butter
►8 oz mushrooms, thickly sliced
►1/4 cup sun-dried tomatoes (packed), drained and chopped
►1/4 cup green onion, green parts, chopped
►3 garlic cloves, minced
►1 1/2 cups heavy whipping cream
►1/2 cup parmesan cheese, shredded
►2 cups fresh spinach

🖨 PRINT RECIPE HERE: coming soon

⭐️TOOLS, USED IN THIS VIDEO (affiliate):
►Javelin Pro Thermometer: https://amzn.to/3COXmpD
►Oil Dispenser: https://amzn.to/3ma9MAc
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►Food Scraper: https://amzn.to/38ICwNp
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►Non-slip Cutting Board: https://amzn.to/3NQiCPn

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►My White Apron: https://amzn.to/2ZVrChv

⏱️TIMESTAMPS⏱️
0:00 Intro
0:53 Ingredients prep
2:36 How to season chicken
2:54 How to saute chicken
3:46 Sauteing the rest of the ingredients
4:25 Making the creamy sauce
5:06 Adding chicken back into the sauce
5:22 Finishing touches
7:10 Taste test

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PO Box 161
Meridian, ID 83680
USA
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There's been a lot of news about gas stoves. At first, I was skeptical about the panic over these appliances. But then I measured the indoor air pollution from our stove and talked to public health experiments.

You can view all sources, learn more about my experiment, and listen to behind-the-scenes interviews on the Distilled website: https://www.distilled.earth/p/i-measured-the-pollution-from-my

#gasstove #gasstoves #climatechange #methane